Diagnosis of Integrated Coastal Management in Manzanillo, Colima: governance, evaluation models, and resilience strategies

Abstract

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in Manzanillo, Colima, is key to the sustainability of its resources and communities. Coastal areas support essential activities such as fishing, tourism and agriculture, but face threats from climate change, which increases their vulnerability. This study analyzes the application of models such as Pressure-State-Response (PSR), the ICZM Decalogue (Barragán, 2014) and the blue economy to address these challenges. The environmental, social and economic characterization of the region highlights problems such as the overexploitation of ecosystems, deficiencies in governance and the need for resilience strategies. Risks associated with sea level rise, coastal erosion and flooding are identified, highlighting the importance of adaptation measures based on risk and cost-benefit analysis. Likewise, coastal governance is examined, proposing improvements in the distribution of responsibilities, sustainability education and community participation. The blue economy offers opportunities for more balanced growth, although it faces challenges in its integration with coastal management. The study concludes with recommended practices to strengthen coastal management in Manzanillo, promoting conservation policies, sustainable financing and participatory governance. These strategies seek to consolidate a resilient and adaptive framework that guarantees the protection of ecosystems and the safety of coastal communities in the face of the effects of climate change.

Keywords: Manzanillo, Integrated coastal management, climate adaptation, PER model, blue economy